PISA 2025 Students' reading and mathematics performance declined across the OECD
Recorded: Sept. 8, 2026, 1:08 p.m.
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PISA 2025: Students’ reading and mathematics performance declined sharply across the OECD Skip to main content OECD Topics Featured topics Featured topics Artificial intelligence How to apply effective governance to harness the benefits of A.I. and mitigate its risks Climate mitigation and net-zero transition Analysis and insights for driving a rapid transition to net-zero while building resilience to physical climate impacts Development co-operation Standards and guidelines for development co-operation with concrete examples of their implementation Gender equality Policies on gender equality a driver of economic growth, democracy and social cohesion Global value and supply chains As the trend towards the international dispersion of certain value chain activities produces challenges, discover policies to meet these Tax transparency and international co-operation Enhanced transparency and exchange of information to put an end to bank secrecy and fight tax evasion and avoidance 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activities produces challenges, discover policies to meet these Tax transparency and international co-operation Enhanced transparency and exchange of information to put an end to bank secrecy and fight tax evasion and avoidance Agriculture and fisheries Agricultural policy monitoring Agricultural productivity and innovation Agricultural trade and markets Agriculture and sustainability Fisheries and aquaculture Food systems OECD standards for agriculture Explore agriculture and fisheries Climate change Climate adaptation and resilience Climate mitigation and net-zero transition Finance and investment for climate goals Global co-operation on climate Green technology and innovation Resource efficiency and circular economy Explore climate change Development Critical minerals Development co-operation Finance for sustainable development Global and regional development trends Governance and peace for development Human development and social inclusion Official development assistance (ODA) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Tax and development Urbanisation, infrastructure and development Explore development Digital Artificial intelligence Communication infrastructure and services Data flows and governance Digital government Digital security Digital transformation Online safety and well-being Privacy and data protection Explore digital Economy Competition Economic policy Economic surveillance Economy and society Financial markets Global trade and open markets Investment Productivity and long-term growth Sustainable economic growth Explore economy Education and skills Adult skills and work Education access, participation, and progression Education economic and social outcomes Education equity Education evaluation and quality assurance Education financing Education leadership Education organisation and governance Future of education and skills Learning environment Student performance (PISA) Teachers and educators Explore education and skills Employment Adult skills and work Employability Employment services Future of work Health and work Job quality Local employment and economic development Public employment and management Explore employment Environment Biodiversity, water and ecosystems Chemical safety and biosafety Environment, society and economy Environmental policies and evaluation Finance and investment for environmental goals Green technology and innovation Greening countries, regions and cities Pollution Resource efficiency and circular economy Explore environment Finance and investment Critical minerals Finance and investment for climate goals Finance and investment for environmental goals Financial consumer protection, education and inclusion Financial markets Infrastructure Investment Pensions and insurance Responsible business conduct Subnational finance and investment Explore finance and investment Governance Anti-corruption and integrity Corporate governance Digital government Government innovation Infrastructure Multi-level governance Public employment and management Public finance and budgets Public policymaking Public procurement Regulatory reform Trust and democracy Explore governance Health Chronic diseases Digital health Health and work Health inequality and universal health coverage Health spending and financial sustainability Healthcare quality and outcomes Improving public health Pharmaceuticals and medical technologies The future of health systems Explore health Industry, business and entrepreneurship Anti-corruption and integrity Competition Corporate governance Global value and supply chains Industrial policy Industry sector analysis Responsible business conduct SMEs and entrepreneurship Sustainable, green, and inclusive business Tourism Explore industry, business and entrepreneurship Regional, rural and urban development Local employment and economic development Multi-level governance Regional development Rural development and natural resources Subnational finance and investment Urban development and cities Explore regional, rural and urban development Science, technology and innovation Chemical safety and biosafety Science policy Space economy Technology policy Explore science, technology and innovation Society Ageing Consumer policy Economy and society Gender equality Housing Inclusion and equality Migration Pensions and insurance Social policy Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Well-being and beyond GDP Youth Explore society Taxation Base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) Consumption taxes Cross-border and international tax Tax administration Tax and crime Tax and development Tax and the environment Tax policy Tax transparency and international co-operation Tax treaties Explore taxation Trade Critical minerals Agricultural trade and markets Digital trade Export credits Global trade and open markets Global value and supply chains Illicit trade Inclusive trade Services trade Subsidies and government support Trade and sustainability Explore trade Energy Explore energy Nuclear energy Explore nuclear energy Transport Explore transport Countries & regions A - C D - I J - M N - R S - T U - Z Regional and global engagement Countries A - C Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China (People's Republic of) Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Countries D - I Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia European Union Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Countries J - M Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People’s Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Countries N - R Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Republic of North Macedonia Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Countries S - T Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Tuvalu Countries U - Z Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Regional and global engagement Africa Eurasia Latin America Middle East and North Africa Southeast Asia South East Europe Browse all countries & regions Countries A - C D - I J - M N - R S - T U - Z Countries A - C Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China (People's Republic of) Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Countries D - I Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia European Union Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Countries J - M Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People’s Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Countries N - R Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Republic of North Macedonia Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Countries S - T Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Tuvalu Countries U - Z Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Regional and global engagement Africa Eurasia Latin America Middle East and North Africa Southeast Asia South East Europe Browse all countries & regions Publications Publications Browse all publications Publications Reports and research papers Research and working papers with deep dives and findings Policy papers and briefs Policy recommendations and case studies Featured publications PISA 2025 Results (Volume I) OECD Employment Outlook 2026 Data Data Browse all data Data Indicators Key data and interactive charts across a wide range of topics Dashboards & tools Monitor policy issues with statistics, simulators, or indexes Methods International statistical standards, manuals, handbooks and more Insights Statistics news releases, and articles OECD Data Explorer Find, understand, and use the data you need Featured data Inflation (CPI) statistical release, 8 September 2026 G20 International Trade (Q2) statistical release, 28 August 2026 News & events News & events Explore news and events News & events Newsroom Discover our latest press releases and media resources Events See our list of events and register to attend Blogs, videos & podcasts Read the latest insights Featured events The international launch of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2025 report 8 September 2026 Launch of the OECD Interim Economic Outlook 23 September 2026 About About OECD About About the organisation How we work OECD Secretary-General Organisational structure Members and partners OECD and G7, G20, APEC Ethics and Integrity Engage with us Newsroom Events Networks Work with us Careers Internships Young associates Procurement at the OECD Close menu OECD About: Better policies for better lives Newsroom PISA 2025: Students’ reading and mathematics performance declined sharply across the OECD PISA 2025: Students’ reading and mathematics performance declined sharply across the OECD Press release 8 September 2026 Available in: English English français Deutsch español 日本語 Select a language English français Deutsch español 日本語 Apply Cancel Share Watch the Global launch on OECD TV. 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Student performance across OECD countries has experienced a continued decline, evidenced by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2025 results, which recorded the lowest average scores ever observed in mathematics and reading. This assessment involved a substantial scope, engaging 760,000 students across 91 countries and economies. Specifically, average reading scores decreased by 28 points between 2015 and 2025, equivalent to approximately one and a half years of learning, while mathematics scores fell by 22 points, equating to just over one year of learning. Non-OECD participants also experienced declines in these metrics over the same period. The analysis of performance highlights that socio-economic background remains a significant determinant of educational outcomes. Across OECD nations, students from advantaged backgrounds scored 85 points higher in science than those from disadvantaged groups; although this gap narrowed between 2022 and 2025, it was largely due to poorer performance among the advantaged student populations rather than improvements among the disadvantaged ones. The OECD Secretary-General Mathias Cormann stressed the urgency of reversing these declines, emphasizing that successful education systems focus on depth, invest in educators, involve parents, and provide targeted support for schools and students most in need. Furthermore, technological advancements like artificial intelligence and digital tools can enhance learning only when used purposefully, avoiding their use as a substitute for genuine attention, effort, and understanding. Despite the overall downward trend, some specific education systems demonstrated positive movement in science performance between 2015 and 2025; countries such as Lithuania, the Slovak Republic, Türkiye, the Dominican Republic, Georgia, Montenegro, Qatar, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, and Uruguay saw increases in their share of top performers while reducing the proportion of low performers in science. Several Chinese jurisdictions, alongside Estonia, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, and the United Kingdom, were among the ten highest-performing education systems in science, mathematics, and reading. The PISA 2025 assessment introduced new insights through its Learning in the Digital World component, indicating that while almost two-thirds of students across OECD countries achieved the necessary proficiency level in computational problem-solving, only half simultaneously demonstrated basic proficiency in core subjects like science, reading, and mathematics. This underscores the dual necessity of building strong foundational knowledge alongside developing the ability to apply that knowledge when engaging with digital tools to solve complex problems. The assessment also revealed that digital distraction negatively affects the learning environment; more than one in four students reported that classmates were distracted by digital devices during science lessons, which correlated with lower engagement and feelings of connection to school. Regarding artificial intelligence, students who avoided using AI for text generation performed better overall; however, among frequent users, those who used AI to assist their learning and received instruction on assessing the quality of AI-generated information tended to achieve superior results compared to those who received no guidance. The broader scope of the OECD data touches upon various policy areas, reflecting interconnected global challenges related to climate, development, governance, trade, and social cohesion. The assessment is part of a wider landscape where other featured topics—such as climate mitigation, sustainable economic growth, gender equality, digital transformation, and tax transparency—are interwoven with educational outcomes. The findings feed into the global policy forum's mission to promote policies that enhance individual liberty and overall well-being. Future analyses, including those for the Foreign Language Assessment and the Learning in the Digital World assessment results, are scheduled for release in April and May, respectively. |